Wednesday, February 10, 2010

What Makes a Great Lecture? Use of Lectures in a Hybrid PBL Curriculum

Engaging students in a class session can be done in any number of ways, and lecture remains one of the most popular instructional strategies. Azer (2009) recognizes this, and offers ideas for how to maximize the effectiveness of lectures. While Azer focuses on lectures in the context of problem-based learning in medical courses, most of his recommendations can be applied to lecture in a range of disciplines.

Azer (2009) suggests that a great lecture should empower the audience and keep them focused; move the audience and make them more willing to learn more about the topics discussed; and provide new insights and stimulate thinking and analysis (p. 110).

This requires us to know something about our audience, including asking questions such as (Azer, 2009, p. 111):
  • What do students already know about the subject?
  • What other subjects have students learned and how does this relate to the current lecture?
  • What examples will encourage deeper learning?
  • How will the lecture differ from readings or other course materials?
  • What stories or analogies will make the content more clear?
Azer (2009) suggests beginning a lecture with an open-ended question that will get students interested in the topic and intellectually curious to learn more (p. 112). Furthermore, you can engage students by showing them how to apply the knowledge they are gaining, showing how the content relates to knowledge from other disciplines, and by listening to and addressing learner needs (Azer, 2009, p. 112).

Finally, Azer (2009) lists a few common mistakes that can spoil a lecture but are relatively easy to correct (p. 113):
  • Relying too heavily on Powerpoint slides or using too many of them
  • Presenting only factual information
  • Not assessing students’ previous knowledge
  • Leaving out real world examples or applications
  • Not leaving enough time for questions
To address these concerns and further engage students in a lecture, visit the Teaching Commons pages covering:

References

Azer S.A. (2009). What makes a great lecture? Use of lectures in a hybrid PBL curriculum. The Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 25(3), 109-115.